Emergency Room Overutilization Essay -- Emergency Room Misuse

Emergency room over utilization is one of the leading causes of today’s ever increasing healthcare costs. The majority of the patients seen in emergency rooms across the nation are Medicaid recipients, for non-emergent reasons. The federal government initiated Medicaid Managed Care programs to offer better healthcare delivery, adequately compensate providers and reduce healthcare costs. Has Medicaid Managed Care addressed the issues and solved the problem? The answer is ‘Yes’ and ‘No’. Throughout the early 1980’s and 1990’s the Federal Medicaid program was challenged by rapidly rising Medicaid program costs and an increasing number of uninsured population. One of the primary reasons for the overall increase in healthcare costs is the over utilization of hospital emergency rooms. This is a direct result of not having a primary care physician and/or family doctor who is the main source of healthcare delivery for an individual and/or entire family The traditional Medicaid program does not offer, or require, recipients to choose a primary care physician like, its counterpart, Medicare. Medicare still operates under the traditional fee-for-service methodology and does not require beneficiaries to identify and primary provider as well as having direct access to specialty services. This allows a cost sharing approach which results in higher out-of-pocket expenses and does not cover drug or prescription benefits. In an effort to offer better healthcare services and access as well as reduce costs the federal government allowed the States to turn to managed care and proposed a mandatory statewide implementation for the Medicaid population. In order to make major changes like these, states have to request waivers of Medicaid regulatio... ...sive.(Practice Trends)." Clinical Psychiatry News 33.2 (Feb 2005): 88(1). Academic OneFile. Thomson Gale. University of Phoenix. Retrieved February 25, 2013 from: . 5. Roohan, Patrick J., Anarella, Joseph P., & Gesten, Foster C. (July-August 2004) Quality oversight and improvement in Medicaid managed care.(Quality Assurance Reporting Requirements ). In Journal of Public Health Management and Practice, 10, p321(9). 6. Wang, Cheng, Villar, Maria Elena, Mulligan, Deborah A., & Hansen, Toran. (Nov 2005) Cost and utilization analysis of a Pediatric Emergency Department Diversion Project. In Pediatrics, 116, p1075(5). Retrieved July 11, 2013, from InfoTrac OneFile via Thomson Gale:

Diff between economics vs managerial economics Essay

1 The traditional Economics has both micro and macro aspects whereas Managerial Economics is essentially micro in character. 2. Economics is both positive and normative science but the Managerial Economics is essentially normative in nature. 3. Economics deals mainly with the theoretical aspect only whereas Managerial Economics deals with the practical aspect. 4. Managerial Economics studies the activities of an individual firm or unit. Its analysis of problems is micro in nature, whereas Economics analyzes problems both from micro and macro point of views. 5. Economics studies human behaviour on the basis of certain assumptions but these assumptions sometimes do not hold good in Managerial Economics as it concerns mainly with practical problems. 6. Under Economics we study only the economic aspect of the problems but under Managerial Economics we have to study both the economic and non-economic aspects of the problems. 7. Economics studies principles underlying rent, wages, interest and profits but in Managerial Economics we study mainly the principles of profit only. 8. Sound decision-making in Managerial Economics is considered to be the most important task for the improvement of efficiency of the business firm; but in Economics it is not so. 9. The scope of Managerial Economics is limited and not so wide as that of Economics Diff btw Economic of scope and scale Economies of Scale This is the cost advantage that a business obtains due to expansion. That is the factor that cause the average cost of producing a product to fall, as output of the product rises as explained in the ‘Dictionary of Economics’. By achieving economies of scale, a company would have the cost advantage over its existing and new rivals. Further, the company could achieve lower long run average cost (i.e. productive efficiency). But if technology changes, this might alter the nature of costs in the long run, where it could allow small businesses to adapt new technology successfully and break  into the established market segments. Have you ever wondered why the price of a digital camera keeps falling, while the functions and performance are high? This is Economies of Scale, which brings down the unit cost of production and hence, passes this advantage onto the consumer through lower prices. E.g. for a supermarket getting 5,000 cartons of milk as opposed to just 100, is cheaper. That is, the marginal cost of delivering 5,000 cartons will be low compared to that of getting 100. Economies of Scope These are factors that make it cheaper to produce a range of related products than to produce each of the individual products on their own (Dictionary of Economics). When a company produces a wide range of products as opposed to specializing in one or few handful of products economies of scope occurs. For example, a company could expand its product range in order to take advantage of the value of its existing brands – this would exploit economies of scope. In industries, such as telecommunications, healthcare industry etc, the economies of scope has been realized. E.g. when fast food outlets product multiple food items, they enjoy a lower average cost compared to that of firms producing the same food. Because the common factors such as storage, service facilities, etc can be shared among the different food items and hence, reducing the average cost. 5 Major Differences between Returns to Scale and Returns to a factor Returns to a factor: 1. Only one factor varies while all the rest are fixed. 2. The factor-proportion varies as more and more of the units of the variable factor are employed to increase output. 3. Returns to a factor or to variable proportions end up in negative returns. 4. It is a short-run phenomenon. 5. Returns to variable proportions are caused by indivisibility of certain fixed factors, specialisation of certain variable factors, or sub-optimal factor proportions. Returns to scale: 1. All or at least two factors vary. 2. Factor proportion called scale does not vary. Factors are increased in same proportion to increase output. 3. It is a long-run phenomenon. 4. Returns to scale end up in decreasing returns. 5. Returns to scale can be attributed to economies and diseconomies of scale caused by technical and/or managerial indivisibilities, exhaustibility of natural and managerial resources, or depreciability of certain factors. DISADVANTAGE OF MONOPOLY Poor level of service. No consumer sovereignty. Consumers may be charged high prices for low quality of goods and services. Lack of competition may lead to low quality and out dated goods and services. L ESS CHOICE OF CONSUMER HIGH PRICE LEAD TO LOWER CONSUMER SURPLUS

Who Has Impacted Your Life the Most

There are certain people, when we asked them about who impact your life's, they usually mentioned their parents. However, my parents gave me the gift of life. They taught me how to talk and walk. They are always here for me when I need something. I cannot live without their advice. My parents are perfect examples of gave me the chance to have good education and better life. First, my father is my guidance with everything I had done. I cannot waived his advise to me. I always find him in the position where I need him. For example, my decision of studying in the United State or studying in Saudi Arabia.He encourage me to go to the United State because as professor working in the university. He told me that teaching in America better for you. Even thought he is teaching on university in Saudi Arabia. Moreover, he gave me the chance to choose whether I want to study in Saudi Arabia or America. Lastly, I chose to study in the U. S, and he was with me for the lest monument of supporting me and giving me advice until I arrived to the U. S. Second, my mother is the best mother in the world because she gave the impassible thing that no body can give me, is the gift of live.She always help me with whatever I need. She never forces me to do anything that I do not like to do. She wanted for me to have the best education in my entire life. She also supported me and gave me advice to my trip to the U. S. I remember she told me that â€Å"nobody was born to know† because I was afraid of learning English. And who will be the life with different culture. In this situation, she said to me you are going to harmony with other people there and do not be afraid, the life is easy.

Life of Stray Cats Essay

Stray animals like dogs and cats wondering around our neighborhood have become a norm across the globe because they reproduce quickly and uncontrollably. One of the pros of it is that they hardly will be extinct and we will always have our furry friends be around with us. But with only very little pros, it can never out power the cons that strays had to go through. They are always the number one victims of abuse, living in a malnutrition state, and involve in too many accidents and in the end of the day, only a small amount of people actually cares and pay attentions to these helpless animals. We always read articles about stray dogs but how many of us actually remember about stray cats? According to myth, cats have nine lives which makes us think that they are stronger, and can live longer compare to any other animals but as all of us know, it is not true. Cats only have one life just like every other animal. What makes us agree to the myths is because a lot of cats actually look alike, that even if one died, another cat will appear hence we will think it’s the same cats. Stray cats have to go through as much pain as stray dogs. They need to hunt for their own food, digging from one garbage bin to another, attacked by other stray cats, and got injuries all over the body. Worst of all, being abuse by immoral people who splash hot water or slash them without any guilty feelings. Cats also meet with accidents very often due to speeding cars, dark roads where drivers couldn’t see, or unhygienic food that they accidentally eat. They were eventually left to rot or being eaten by other animals such as crows and dogs. Who will actually care for their lives Although it’s impossible for us to adopt every stray cat on the street, but imagine if every family manage to keep a pet cat in their home. That can actually save a lot of their lives. Some might have allergies towards animals but you can still help by providing clean water and some food outside of your house for the cats. This can avoid them from eating poisonous or unhygienic foods and also let them have a healthier life. Last but not least, the best way to avoid over reproduction of strays is by spaying or neutering them. Do not just sit back and watch our furry friends die. One day, they might be gone from the surface of the earth forever. They deserve a second chance too. Start saving and adopting.

Value of Diversity in the Workplace

The global workplace has made diversity a significant issue. Companies have to adjust how they operate so they can accommodate the diverse customer base that is growing. It is important for any organization to consist of employees who can bring different skills, abilities, and culture to workplace. Developing effective intercultural communication within the workplace will allow the connection between employees and customers with different cultural backgrounds and languages. Introduction In today’s society, a diverse workforce is needed to accommodate the different multicultural backgrounds that make it up.The value of diversity in a workplace is important because of the different sets of skills and backgrounds a company has to offer when trying to solve conflicts and provide effective solutions. This paper will recap an incident that happened at an insurance agency because of the lack of diversity, along with the ramifications, and strategies that may have facilitated a more s uccessful resolution. Diversity issue in the workplace I have experienced how lack of diversity in the workplace can cause conflict for the organization. A few years back I worked for an insurance agency in south Louisiana.The agency consisted of the head agent and owner, who is a male, and four women who worked for him, to include myself. One day a Hispanic couple came in to purchase some insurance policies for their home and vehicles. The issue was the couple spoke only Spanish. The percentage of Hispanics in south Louisiana was very low at the time and there was not a high demand for bilingual employees who spoke Spanish. Because of the lack of diversity in the office, none of the employees spoke fluent Spanish to help the potential new customers. The employees who knew a little Spanish tried to communicate as best they could but to no avail.The couple became very angry at the insurance agency’s poor attempt to communicate with them. They left the office outraged and state d that would never recommend this company to anyone. Ramifications As a result of this lack of diversity in the insurance agency, the agency itself, employees, and potential customers were impacted. The agency lost a customer and revenue because of a lack of diversity in the office. Not only did the company lose one customer but also the potential of future customers that may be recommended from the couple.This issue left the employees upset and stressed about not being able to help a customer. Since the start of business the agency has been a customer- oriented company, and has taken pride in providing the best customer service in the area. This situation left the owner distraught because he lost potential income for his business. To make matters worse, the couple filed a complaint against the agency for not having a bilingual employee in the office. The agency had never received a negative complaint for customer service.Strategies. Diversity in the workplace can help companies avo id unnecessary issues in the workplace. Diversity also gives the company leverage over their competitors. In smaller companies a lack of diversity is almost inevitable, but if approached in the right way it can be avoided. The diversity issue the insurance agency was faced with could have been resolved if the agency had been aware of the influx of the Hispanic population in south Louisiana. In order to stay ahead of the competition, the agency should have kept up on the different types of people moving into the area.In order for the insurance agency to address the lack of diversity for the possibility of future occurrences, the hiring protocol the agency follows will need to be modified. â€Å"A diverse collection of skills and experiences (e. g. languages, cultural understanding) allows a company to provide service to customers on a global basis† (Greenburg, 2004). The possible issue that may arise from this protocol is finding a qualified person with this skill. This approa ch though would not benefit the agency right away because of the low turn around of employees and the low number of employees the agency is able to keep employed.Another way to address the issue would be for the insurance agency to pay for at least one, if not all, of the employees to attend a class that teaches the Spanish language. This task may be hard for the insurance agency to complete because of funding and for the employees because of extra time needed to attend the class. For the future, this type of training would benefit the insurance agency by increasing the potential number of customers it can provide a service to. Conclusion Diversity is becoming a necessity in the workplace in today’s global working environment.A multicultural society forces companies to employ a diverse workforce so they can adapt â€Å"to fluctuating markets and customer demands† (Greenburg, 2004). Having a diverse workforce will appeal to a larger diverse customer base that will benef it the growth for any company.ReferencesGreenberg, J. (2004). Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits, Challenges and Solutions. The Multicultural Advantage: Career Management and Job Info for Professionals from Diverse Backgrounds. Retrieved from http://www. multiculturaladvantage. com/recruit/diversity/Diversity-in-the-Workplace-Benefits-Challenges-Solutions. asp

Mermaids Existence

How would you react to a statement like that? What is a mermaid? Mermaids are legendary aquatic creature with the upper body ofa female human and the tail ofa fish. Mermaids have dated back over hundreds of thousands of years ago. There have been alleged sightings all over the world. People have claimed to see half human and half fish creatures. Are mermaids a myth or a fact? Scientist think mermaids were creatures who developed from our ancestors, who evolved to the sea habitat.Scientist think mermaids have been around for millions of ears, because of old paintings; drawings of them in books, and fossils they have found connect to the mermaids' existence. Fishermen have found spears in fish while fishing in the center of the ocean. Scientist have also discovered drawings of sculls, shaped like a humans', and webbed hands with finger tips at the end. These discoveries have caused people to believe in the existence of mermaids. Scientists think mermaids evolved from the first humans o n earth, so that they may swim. Dr. Paul Robertson thinks mermaids evolved to the sea so they could get food.Dr. Robertson claims mermaids were creatures who hid to keep from being aten by the Megladon, an enormous prehistoric shark that fed on whales. According to â€Å"Mermaids: A Body Found,† mermaids traveled in groups to protect themselves. Based on their assumptions, mermaids later learned how to protect and defend themselves. They swam the ocean freely with dolphins. Mermaid experts say that the majority of mermaids may be in the warmer waters of the Caribbean and the Mediterranean, but that many have been spotted in the Pacific Ocean and Southern Atlantic.Scientist are still collecting more and more evidence every day to find out if mermaids are a myth or a fact. People have claim that they have evidence of mermaid's existence. In most recent events, there was a mermaid sighting in Kiryat Yam, Israel in May 2013. Shlomo Cohen and his friends was walking along the shor e when they saw a creature they thought was a seal or a lady sun bathing lying on a rock. They were discussing what it could be, while trying to find out where the zoom was on the camera they were recording with. They eventually zoom in and the creature turns around.The creature had human and fish like characteristics. The mysterious animal had hair and arms and a tail. When it notices that it has been spotted, it quickly rushes to the ocean and dives. Kiryat Yam is the only place in the world where a $1 million reward is up for grabs for the first person who can provide conclusive footage capturing a real mermaid. The local government has offered this reward in response to the numerous mermaid sightings there. The existence of mermaids are more believable now with the evidence Shlomo Cohen provided.There nave also been accusations that the government confirms mermaids exist. It is claimed that the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) confirmed hat mermaids exist a nd they are increasing in numbers. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is a federal agency focused on the condition of the oceans and the atmosphere. According to Weekly World News, allegedly that recently the U. S. government has captured 7 mermaids and that they are being kept at an undisclosed aquarium, where they are being studied.President Obama has personally met the mermaids and was quite impressed according to reports. If mermaids did exist on earth, how would they be treated? According to â€Å"Mermaids: A Body Found† mermaids might have been ran into hiding by humans. Could humans have done this long ago? In most sightings, mermaids rush off when they have noticed that they have been spotted. It is very rare to spot a creature of this nature. Could humans coexist with this unique species? Humans would probably hunt down these fascinating, aquatic creatures and sell them to the highest bidder.They might even put them in a tank to show them off as muse um art. Hopefully the existence of mermaids This year, on March 6, 2013, marine geologist, Dr. Torsten Schmidt, released extraordinary footage of what he believes to be a mermaid that he captured on amera during one of his deep sea explorations. Contracted by the Iceland GeoSurvey, Dr. Schmidt and his Danish team worked on â€Å"seismic mapping and sampling of the ocean floor† to locate promising sites for oil and natural gas reserves. At nearly three thousand feet below the ocean's surface, Dr.Schmidt reported not only seeing some interesting phenomenon, but also hearing some remarkable things. After reporting to the Iceland GeoSurvey about the strange sounds he heard when he was scanning the ocean floor, he requested to undertake an investigation, which was declined. â€Å"We were reminded of our confidentiality agreements. And we were told we could not share our recording with anyone else,† Dr. Schmidt told Journalist Jon Frankel on Animal Planet's documentary, â₠¬Å"Mermaids: The New Evidence. † Dr.Schmidt ended up conducting his own investigation where he â€Å"took down two cameras on every dive, Just in case we see them. † Commenting on his footage, Dr. Schmidt said Jon Frankel, â€Å"well I looked at it, and knew I was looking into the face of another intelligent species, like us. † According to the video, â€Å"Mermaids: The New Evidence,† Dr. Torsten Schmidt and his Danish team saw something they thought was a mermaid. While submerge deep nder the sea the crew had been looking for a mermaid. A creature swam by touching the window of the small submarine, while also shaking the submarine.While slowing down the video, you saw that hand did in fact touch the submarines window. The hand had resemblance toa human hand, but had webbing in between the fingers. Also, the skull had a top layer differentiating from a humans. This video had been covered up for years, but was leaked to the media. Could this have been a me rmaid? Based on the evidence of the videos, and interviews IVe watched. The sightings of these mermaids look very factual. Scientist are collecting more and more evidence every day to the existence of mermaids.

Islamis Compare and contrast paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islamis Compare and contrast paper - Essay Example The usak type of carpet was found to have historical sources in Bukhara area in west Turkistan. Another area of origin was in Kuhnel found in the same region. It is believed that carpet weaving began in the 3rd and 6th century BC. The carpets had elaborate designs and there was great attention to detail as seen from the intricate design found on the carpets. The weaving technique employed is known as the "Turkish knot" where the knotting technique was used instead of the traditional woven fabric. The main materials used to weave the carpets are cotton and wool. (McCarthy 146) The weaving techniques were greatly admired and were exported to various countries such as Egypt and Spain. The carpets were also featured in the paintings of artists in Europe where they had been exported. These carpets had detailed kufik designs and also animal designs such as the dragon in battle with the phoenix, which is one of the bold and popular designs found on the carpets. These designs were used to frame the carpet. They also had intertwining flowers designs and featured in the 15th and 16th century. The carpet designs consisted of a rumi-palmatte background with pattern of diamonds and octagons giving a dramatic and beautiful finish to the carpet. Contours, which were submerged, and alternating in diagonal, were also incorporated. The carpets also had diamonds, octagons and crucci incorp... (Brown 456) The usak type of carpets also had stars and medallions as part of their elaborate decorations. The medallion usaks were decorated using designs from books and book covers. The star usak had eight pointed stars in the design with medallion shaped like diamonds alternating in the design. The carpets had different colors incorporated into their designs; the dominant shape was a rectangular shape. A description of a typical design of a usak carpet has a field which is dark blue and has red octagonal or lozenge shaped medallions surrounded by a strip of yellow and blue; the entire pattern is enclosed by large squares. At the corner of the there are quarter lozenges which interact at the corners and are red. The wide border with kufic designs has symmetrically arranged squares and is light blue in color on a dark blue background with a meandering shape. The narrow borders have floral motifs which are purple with a crimson background and include schematic yellow leaves on each side arranged in rows pointing in an alternating pattern upwards and downwards. The field is bordered by a pattern of broken's' which is yellow on a light brown background. The colors used on the carpets were made from vegetable dyes. The colors were significant as they were used top describe various aspects of the Islam religion. The colors were seven in total with the number seven considered sacred in Islam. Each color had a specific meaning yellow is associated with the faith of man, dark blue with beneficience,green with tranquility, light blue with trust, red with gnosis and blue with ecstatic bewilderment. The hereke carpet had a design described as naturalistic designs came about in the 16th and 17th century when the